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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 19, 2001
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00558.2001
Submitted on June 1, 2001
Accepted on October 15, 2001
1 Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
2 Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
3 Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
4 Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: radin.1{at}osu.edu.
Sexual dimorphism may occur during the development of hypertension and congestive heart failure (CHF). Male and female SHHF rats with established hypertension, but prior to CHF (age 5-8 mo) and during cardiac decompensation leading to CHF (age 18-20 mo males and 22-24 mo females) were studied. At 5-8 mo, male SHHF showed early activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as indicated by increased plasma renin activity (PRA) and higher serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity compared to females. The increase in PRA in females was delayed compared to the males, but reached comparable levels just prior to CHF. Urinary endothelin excretion was significantly greater in 5-8 mo females compared to age-matched males. Urinary endothelin excretion increased in both males and females as CHF developed. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was comparable at both time points, and both genders showed similar, marked increases as CHF developed. In conclusion, males show early activation of the RAS, while females show early activation of the endothelin vasopressor system. During cardiac decompensation, generalized activation of the RAS, endothelin and ANP systems occurs and is similar in male and female SHHF rats.
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