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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 25, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00552.2002
Submitted on June 25, 2002
Accepted on September 16, 2002
1 Departments of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
2 Departments of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Univeristy of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
3 Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
4 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Univeristy of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: acbonham{at}ucdavis.edu.
Acute ozone exposure evokes adverse respiratory responses, particularly in children. With repeated ozone exposures, however, despite the persistent lung inflammation and increased sensory nerve excitability, the CNS reflex responses, i.e. rapid shallow breathing and decreased lung function, adapt, suggesting changes in CNS signaling. We determined whether repeated ozone exposures altered the behavior of nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) neurons where reflex respiratory motor outputs are first coordinated. Whole-cell recordings were performed on NTS neurons in brainstem slices from infant monkeys exposed to filtered-air or ozone (0.5 ppm, 8 hrs/d for 5d every 14d for 11 episodes). While episodic ozone exposure depolarized the membrane potential, increased the membrane resistance and increased neuronal spiking responses to depolarizing current injections (P<0.05), it decreased the excitability to vagal sensory fiber activation (P<0.05), suggesting a diminished responsiveness to sensory transmission, despite overall increases in excitability. Substance P, implicated in lung and NTS signaling, contributed to the increased responsiveness to current injections, but not to the diminished sensory transmission. The finding that NTS neurons undergo plasticity with repeated ozone exposures may help to explain the adaptation of the respiratory motor responses.
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