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1 Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
2 Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rmoore{at}spot.colorado.edu.
The effect of endurance training on the resistance of the heart to LV functional deficit and infarction following a transient regional ischemia and subsequent reperfusion was examined. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to an endurance exercise training (Tr) group or a sedentary (Sed) control group. After 20 weeks of training, hearts were excised, perfused, and instrumented for assessment of LV mechanical function, and the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded to induce a transient regional ischemia (1 hour) that was followed by a 2 hour period of reperfusion. Throughout much of the regional ischemia/reperfusion protocol, coronary flow rates, diastolic function, and LV developed pressure were better preserved in hearts from Tr animals. During the regional ischemia, coronary flow to myocardium outside of the ischemic zone at risk (ZAR) was maintained in Tr hearts whereas it progressively fell in Sed hearts. Upon release of the coronary artery ligature, flow to the ZAR in Tr hearts was greater than that in Sed hearts. Infarct size, expressed as a percentage of the ischemic ZAR, was significantly smaller in hearts from Tr rats (24 ± 3% versus 32 ± 2% of ZAR in Tr vs. Sed, respectively; P < 0.05). Both Mn- and CuZn- superoxide dismutase protein expression were higher in the LV myocardium of Tr animals (P < 0.05, both isoforms). Our data indicate that long-term exercise training leads to infarct sparing and better maintenance of coronary flow and mechanical function following ischemia/reperfusion.
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