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1 Noll Physiological Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; General Clinical Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
2 Noll Physiological Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
3 Noll Physiological Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
4 General Clinical Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dnp3{at}psu.edu.
The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that leg blood flow responses during leg cycle ergometry are reduced with age in healthy non-estrogen replaced women. Thirteen younger (20-27 yr) and thirteen older (61-71 yr) normotensive, non-endurance trained women performed both graded and constant-load bouts of leg cycling at the same absolute exercise intensities. Leg blood flow (femoral vein thermodilution), mean arterial pressure (MAP, radial artery), mean femoral venous pressure (MVP), cardiac output (acetylene rebreathing), and blood O2 contents were measured. Leg blood flow responses at light workloads (20 to 40 watts) were similar in younger and older women. However, at moderate workloads (50 to 60 watts), leg blood flow responses were significantly attenuated in older women. MAP was 20-25 mmHg higher (p<0.01) in the older women across all work intensities, and calculated leg vascular conductance (leg blood flow/estimated leg perfusion pressure) was lower (p<0.05). Exercise-induced increases in leg (a-v) O2 difference and O2 extraction were identical between groups (p>0.6). Leg O2 uptake (leg VO2) was tightly correlated with leg blood flow across all workloads in both subject groups (r2=0.80). These results suggest the ability of healthy older women to undergo limb vasodilation in response to submaximal exercise is impaired and that the legs are a potentially important contributor to the augmented systemic vascular resistance seen during dynamic exercise in older women.
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