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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print June 30, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00381.2002
Submitted on May 2, 2002
Accepted on June 20, 2002
1 Exerc and Sport Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Dep Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
2 Dep Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
3 School of Human Movement, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
4 School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
5 Exerc and Sport Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: john.hawley{at}rmit.edu.au.
This study determined whether "live high, train low" (LHTL) simulated altitude exposure increased hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in well-trained endurance athletes. Thirty-three cyclists/triathletes were divided into 3 groups: 20 consecutive nights of hypoxic exposure (LHTLc, n=12); 20 nights of intermittent hypoxic exposure (4 ' 5-night blocks of hypoxia each interspersed with 2 nights of normoxia; LHTLi, n=10); or control (CON, n=11). LHTLc and LHTLi slept 8-10 h.d-1 overnight in normobaric hypoxia (~2650 m), while CON slept under ambient conditions (600 m). Resting, isocapnic HVR (
VE/DSpO2) was measured in normoxia prior to hypoxia (PRE), following 1, 3, 10, and 15 nights exposure (N1, N3, N10, N15 respectively), and 2 nights after the 20th night of exposure (POST). Before each HVR test, end-tidal CO2 pressure (PETCO2) and VE were measured while breathing room-air at rest. HVR (L/min%) was higher (p < 0.05) in LHTLc than CON at N1 (0.56±0.32 vs 0.28±0.16), N3 (0.69± 0.30 vs 0.36±0.24), N10 (0.79±0.36 vs 0.34±0.14), N15 (1.00±0.38 vs 0.36±0.23) and POST (0.79±0.37 vs 0.36±0.26). HVR at N15 was higher (p < 0.05) in LHTLi (0.67±0.33) than CON, and in LHTLc than LHTLi. PETCO2 was depressed in both LHTLc and LHTLi compared with CON at all points following hypoxia (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for VE at any point during the study. We conclude that LHTL increases HVR in endurance athletes in a time-dependent manner and decreases PETCO2 in normoxia, without any change in VE. Thus, endurance athletes sleeping in mild hypoxia may experience changes to the respiratory control system.
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