Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol (October 11, 2002). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00367.2002
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 11, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00367.2002
Submitted on April 25, 2002
Accepted on October 7, 2002

The effects of age and exercise on physiological deadspace during simulated dives at 2.8 ATA

Heather J Mummery1, Bryant W Stolp1, Guy d Dear1, Pelzer O Doar1, Mike J Natoli1, Albert E Boso1, Jason D Archibald1, Gene W Hobbs1, Habib E El-Moalem1, and Richard E Moon1*

1 Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Environmental Physiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: moon0002{at}mc.duke.edu.

Physiological deadspace (VD), end-tidal CO2 (PETCO2), and arterial CO2 (PaCO2) were measured at 1 and 2.8 ATA in a dry hyperbaric chamber in ten older (58-74 years) and ten younger (19-39 years) air-breathing subjects during rest and two levels of upright exercise on a cycle ergometer. At pressure, VD (liters BTPS) increased from 0.34±0.09 (mean ± standard deviation of all subjects for normally distributed data, median ± inter-quartile range otherwise) to 0.40±0.09 (P=0.0060) at rest, 0.35±0.13 to 0.45±0.11 (P=0.0003) during light exercise, and 0.38±0.17 to 0.45±0.13 (P=0.0497) during heavier exercise. During these conditions PaCO2 (mm Hg) increased from 33.8±4.2 to 35.7±4.4 (P=0.0059), 35.3±3.2 to 39.4±3.1 (P<0.0001), and 29.6±5.6 to 37.4±6.5 (P<0.0001). During exercise PETCO2 overestimated PaCO2, although the absolute difference was less at pressure. Capnography poorly estimated PaCO2 during exercise at 1 and 2.8 ATA due to wide variability. Older subjects had higher VD at 1 ATA, but similar changes in VD, PaCO2, and PETCO2 at 2.8 ATA. These results are consistent with an effect of increased gas density.




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