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J Appl Physiol (February 7, 2003). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00361.2002
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Submitted on April 24, 2002
Accepted on February 4, 2003

Influence of sleep state on frequency of swallowing, apnea, and arousal in human infants

Garrick W Don1 and Karen A Waters2*

1 David Read Sleep Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
2 David Read Sleep Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kaw{at}med.usyd.edu.au.

Apnea and arousal are modulated with sleep stage, and swallowing may interfere with respiratory rhythm in infants. We hypothesized that swallowing itself would display interaction with sleep state. Concurrent polysomnography and measurement of swallowing allowed time-matched analysis of 3092 swallows, 482 apneas, and 771 arousals in 17 infants aged 1-34 wk. The mean rates of swallowing, apnea and arousal were significantly different being 23.3 ± 8.5, 9.4 ± 8.8, and 15.5 ± 10.6 hr-1, respectively (P < 0.001 ANOVA). Swallows occurred before 25.2 ± 7.9%, and during 74.8 ± 6.3% of apneas, and before 39.8 ± 6.0%, and during 60.2 ± 6.0% of arousals. The frequency of apneas and arousals were both strongly influenced by sleep state (AS > Indeterminate > QS, p <0.001), whether or not the events coincided with swallowing, but swallowing rate showed minimal independent interaction with sleep state. Interactions between swallowing and sleep-state were predominantly influenced by the coincidence of swallowing with apnea or arousal.




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