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1 Physiology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands Antilles
2 Pharmacology-Toxicology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
3 Cardiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
4 Physiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: m.hopman{at}fysiol.umcn.nl.
Advanced age is associated with a decreased leg blood flow and reduced physical activity. Endothelin(ET-1), a powerful vasoconstrictor, may play a role in the increased leg vascular tone in older men. Objectives: To assess the ET-1-mediated vascular tone in the legs of healthy sedentary older men, both before and after 8-weeks of exercise training. Methods: In 8 younger subjects (19-50 years) and 8 older men (67-76 years) bilateral leg blood flow was measured using venous occlusion plethysmography before and after antagonizing ET-1 (using selective ETA/B-receptor antagonists). In older men, reversibility of the observations was assessed after 8-weeks of cycling. Results: ET-receptor inhibition increased leg blood flow significantly more in older men compared with younger individuals (29±9% and 10±4%, respectively, P<0.05). 8-weeks cycling training increased baseline blood flow in older men. The blood flow response to ET-receptor inhibition in older men was not affected by the training program (25±8%, P>0.05 for comparison with pre-training). The flow ratio (blood flows infused leg/non-infused leg) decreased significantly by training from 26±8% to 7±3% (P<0.05). Conclusion: The increased baseline vascular tone in aging is at least in part mediated by the endothelin. Eight weeks cycling training in older sedentary men decreased leg vascular tone and seems to partly decrease the ET-1-mediated vascular tone.
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