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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print February 1, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00340.2001
Submitted on April 12, 2001
Accepted on January 21, 2002
1 Department of Physiology, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
2 Clinical Vascular Laboratory, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: m.hopman{at}fysio.kun.nl.
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between inactivity and shear stress, the frictional force of blood against the endothelium, in spinal cord-injured subjects (SCI). The SCI-group offers a unique 'model-of-nature' to study the effects of inactivity. Nine SCI-subjects with upper (SCI-U) and five with a lower (SCI-L) motor neuron lesion and ten able-bodied controls (C) were included. A venous blood sample was withdrawn to determine blood viscosity. Red blood cell velocities and arterial diameters of the common carotid artery (CCA) and common femoral artery (CFA) were measured using echo-Doppler ultrasound in a supine position. No differences were observed in wall shear stress in the CCA between groups. In the CFA, peak and mean wall shear stress were significantly increased in SCI (14.1 and 1.2 Pa, respectively) compared with C (10.2 and 0.9 Pa, respectively). Since SCI-U and SCI-L showed no differences in shear stress levels, not nerve degeneration but inactivity seems to cause the elevated shear stress levels in the CFA in SCI. However, the lack of central neural control as a causal factor can not be ruled out.
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