Journal of Applied Physiology AJP: Renal Physiology
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J Appl Physiol (July 13, 2006). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00319.2006
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Submitted on March 14, 2006
Accepted on July 6, 2006

How The Body Controls Brain Temperature: The Temperature Shielding Effect of Cerebral Blood Flow

Mingming Zhu1, Joseph JH Ackerman2, Alexander Sukstanskii3, and Dmitriy A Yablonskiy1*

1 Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
2 Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
3 Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: yablonskiyd{at}wustl.edu.

Normal brain functioning largely depends on maintaining brain temperature. However, the mechanisms protecting brain against a cooler environment are poorly understood. Reported herein is the first detailed measurement of the brain-temperature profile. It is found to be exponential, defined by a characteristic temperature shielding length, with cooler peripheral areas and a warmer brain core approaching body temperature. Direct cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements with microspheres show that the characteristic temperature shielding length is inversely proportional to the square root of CBF in excellent agreement with a theoretical model. This "temperature shielding effect" quantifies the means by which CBF prevents "extracranial cold" from penetrating deep brain structures. The effect is crucial for research and clinical applications - the relationship between brain, body and extracranial temperatures can now be quantitatively predicted.




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