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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print September 20, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00294.2002
Submitted on April 5, 2002
Accepted on September 10, 2002
1 Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
2 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: repurdy{at}uci.edu.
Our previous work indicated that arterial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression might be altered by simulated microgravity. The aim of this work was to investigate the alterations in NOS expression and nitrate/nitrite (NOX) of different arteries from simulated microgravity rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to either control group or simulated microgravity group. For simulating microgravity, animals were subjected to hindlimb unweighting (HU) for twenty days. Different arterial tissues were removed for determination of NOS expression and NOX. Western blotting was used to measure endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) protein content. Total concentrations of NOX, stable metabolites of nitric oxide, were determined by the chemiluminescence method. Compared with controls, isolated vessels from simulated microgravity rats showed a significant increase in both eNOS and iNOS expression in carotid arteries and thoracic aorta, and a significant decrease in eNOS and iNOS expression of mesenteric arteries. The eNOS and iNOS content of cerebral arteries, as well as that of femoral arteries, showed no differences between the two groups. Concerning NOX, vessels from HU rats showed an increase in cerebral arteries, a decrease in mesenteric arteries, and no change in carotid artery, femoral artery and thoracic aorta. These data indicated that there were differential alterations in NOS expression and NOX of different arteries after hindlimb unweighting. We suggest that these changes might represent both localized adaptations to differential body fluid redistribution and other factors independent of hemodynamic shifts during simulated microgravity.
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