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1 Institute of Exercise and Sports Sciences, Copenhagen Muscle Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
2 August Krogh Institute, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Copenhagen Muscle Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jbangsbo{at}aki.ku.dk.
Changes in gene expression during recovery from high-intensity intermittent one-legged exercise were studied before and after 51/2 weeks of training. Genes related to metabolism as well as Na+, K+ - and pH homeostasis were selected for analyses. After performing the same work before and after the training period, several muscle biopsies were obtained from m. vastus lateralis. In the untrained state, the Na+/K+ ATPase 
1 subunit mRNA level was ~3 fold higher (P<0.01) at 0,1 and 3 h after exercise, relative to the pre-exercise resting level. After 3 to 5 h of recovery in the untrained state, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and hexokinase II mRNA levels were elevated 13 fold (P<0.001) and 6 fold (P<0.01), respectively. However, after the training period, only PDK4 mRNA levels were elevated (P<0.05) during the recovery period. No changes in resting mRNA levels were observed as a result of training. In conclusion, cellular adaptations to high-intensity exercise training may, in part, be induced by transcriptional regulation. After training, the transcriptional response to an exercise bout at a given workload is diminished.
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