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1 School of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia; School of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
2 School of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
3 School of Human Movement, Recreation, and Performance, Centre for Aging Rehabilitation, Exercise and Sport, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
4 Diabetes and Metabolism, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
5 Diabetes Centre, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Bankstown, NSW, Australia
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: A.Harmer{at}fhs.usyd.edu.au.
Effects of sprint training on plasma [K+] regulation during intense exercise and on muscle
Na+K+ATPase were investigated in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) under
real life conditions and non-diabetics (CON). Eight subjects with T1D and 7 CON undertook 7 weeks of sprint cycling training. Before training, subjects cycled to
exhaustion at 130% VO2peak. After training identical work was performed. Arterialised
venous blood was drawn at rest, and in exercise and recovery and analysed for plasma glucose, [K+], [Na+], catecholamines, insulin, and glucagon. A vastus lateralis biopsy was obtained before and after training and assayed for Na+K+ATPase content ([3H]ouabain binding). Pre-training, Na+K+ATPase content and the rise in plasma [K+] (
[K+]) during maximal exercise were similar in T1D and CON. However, after 60 min recovery in T1D, plasma [K+], glucose, and glucagon/insulin were higher, and plasma
[Na+] was lower than in CON. Training increased Na+K+ATPase content and reduced
[K+] in both groups (P<0.05). These variables were correlated in CON (r = -0.65,
P<0.05), but not T1D. This study showed firstly that mildly hypoinsulinemic subjects with T1D can safely undertake intense exercise with respect to K+ regulation, however, elevated [K+] will ensue in recovery unless insulin is administered. Secondly, sprint training improved K+ regulation during intense exercise in both T1D and CON groups, however, the lack of correlation between plasma [K+] and Na+K+ATPase content in T1D may indicate different relative contributions of K+-regulatory mechanisms.
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