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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 25, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00226.2002
Submitted on March 15, 2002
Accepted on October 11, 2002
1 Department of Autonomic Physiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
2 Department of Autonomic Physiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kuwaki{at}faculty.chiba-u.jp.
Sleep apnea occurs in humans and experimental animals. We examined whether it also arises adult mice. Ventilation in male adult 129/Sv mice was recorded concomitantly by electroencephalograms and electromyograms for six hours using body plethysmography. Apnea was defined as cessation of plethysmographic signals for longer than two respiratory cycles. While breathing room air, 32.3±6.9 (mean±SEM, n=5) apneas were observed during sleep but not in quiet awake periods. Sleep apneas were further classified into two types. Post-sigh apneas occurred exclusively during slow-wave sleep (SWS) while spontaneous apneas arose during both SWS and rapid-eye-movement sleep. Compared with room air (9.1±1.4/hr of SWS), post-sigh apneas were more frequent in hypoxia (13.7±2.1) and less frequent in hyperoxia (3.6±1.7) and hypercapnia (2.8±2.1). Our data indicated that significant sleep apnea occurs in normal adult mice and suggested that these animals could be a promising experimental model with which to study the genetic and molecular basis of respiratory regulation during sleep.
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