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J Appl Physiol (June 14, 2002). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00225.2002
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print June 14, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00225.2002
Submitted on March 15, 2002
Accepted on June 5, 2002

A5 cells are silenced when REM sleep-like signs are elicited by pontine carbachol

Victor B Fenik1*, Vitaliy Marchenko1, Patrick Janssen1, Richard O Davies1, and Leszek Kubin1

1 Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: vfenik{at}vet.upenn.edu.

The A5 noradrenergic neurons are considered important for cardiorespiratory regulation. We hypothesized that A5 cells are silenced during REM sleep, thereby contributing to cardiorespiratory changes and suppression of hypoglossal (XII) motoneuronal activity. We used an anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated rat in which pontine microinjections of carbachol trigger signs of REM sleep, including hippocampal theta rhythm, motor suppression and silencing of locus coeruleus neurons. All 16 putative noradrenergic A5 cells recorded were strongly suppressed when the REM sleep-like episodes were elicited and also following intravenous clonidine. Antidromic mapping showed that none of six neurons tested projected to the XII nucleus, while 3/5 projected to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and 2/4 to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). Bilateral microinjections of clonidine into the A5 regions did not alter XII nerve activity. These data suggest that A5 neurons are silenced during natural REM sleep. This will lead to decreased norepinephrine release and may alter synaptic transmission in the NTS and RVLM without, however, a detectable impact on XII motoneurons.




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