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J Appl Physiol (April 23, 2004). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00107.2004
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Submitted on February 2, 2004
Accepted on April 16, 2004

Pre-Clinical Models of Human Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease: Implications for Investigation of Therapeutic Agents

Richard E Waters1, Ronald L Terjung2, Kevin G Peters3, and Brian H Annex1*

1 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Durham VA and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
3 Procter and Gamble Pharmeceuticals, Mason, OH, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: annex001{at}mc.duke.edu.

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is now recognized as a combination of clinical syndromes that are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The primary pathophysiology of PAOD is impaired perfusion to the lower extremity. Effective pharmacotherapy designed to increase perfusion in PAOD is lacking and revascularization options are suboptimal. New and more efficacious therapies that improve blood flow are definitely needed and designing, describing, and validating these new therapies in preclinical PAOD models will be essential. This manuscript describes the various pre-clinical PAOD models currently in use, correlates the models to human PAOD, and reviews the available endpoints that can be used to detect a response to therapy.




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