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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 12, 2001
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00055.2001
Submitted on January 23, 2001
Accepted on October 8, 2001
1 Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
2 Department if Ultrasound, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
3 Division of Endocrinology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kurtespersen{at}dadlnet.dk.
12 subjects without and 10 subjects with diving experience performed short diving related interventions. After labelling of erythrocytes scintigraphic measurements were continuously performed during these intervention. All interventions elicited a graduated and reproducible splenic contraction depending on the type, severity and duration of the interventions. The splenic contraction varied between approx. 10 % for "apnea"(breath holding for 30 sec)and "cold clothes"(cold and wet clothes applied on the face with normal respiration for 30 sec) and approximately 30 - 40 % for "simulated diving"(simulated breath diving for 30 sec), "maximal apnea"(breath holding for maximal duration) and "maximal simulated diving"(simulated breath hold diving for maximal duration). The strongest interventions ("simulated diving", "maximal apnea" and "maximal simulated diving") elicited modest, but significant increase in hemoglobin concentration (0,1-0,3 mmol/l) and hematocrit (0,3-1 %). By an indirect method the splenic venous hematocrit was calculated to 79 %. No major differences were observed between the two groups. The splenic contraction should, therefore, be included in the diving response on equal terms as bradycardia, decreased peripheral blood flow and increased blood pressure.
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