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J Appl Physiol (September 27, 2002). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00044.2002
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print September 27, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00044.2002
Submitted on January 17, 2002
Accepted on September 18, 2002

Modeling of impact of gas molecular diffusion on nitric oxide expired profile

Alain Van Muylem1*, Claire Noel2, and Manuel Paiva2

1 Department of Chest Medicine, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
2 Biomedical Physics Laboratory, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: avmuylem{at}ulb.ac.be.

Current descriptions of nitric oxide (NO) transport in the lungs use two-compartment models: airway compartment without mixing and alveolar compartment with perfect mixing. These models neglect NO molecular diffusion in the airways. To assess the impact of axial diffusion on expired NO profile, we solved a transport equation incorporating diffusion, convection and NO sources in the symmetrical Weibel model of the lung. When NO parameters computed from experimental data with two-compartment models are used in our model as NO sources, simulated end-expired NO is 29 to 45% and 64 to 78% of experimental values at 50 ml s-1 and 2000 ml s-1 expiratory flow respectively. These lower values are due to NO axial diffusion: during expiration, NO back diffusion (opposed to convection) prevents some NO from being expired, so a two to fivefold increase of airways NO excretion is necessary to simulate end-expired NO consistent with experimental data. We conclude that, insofar a significant amount of NO is produced in small airways, models neglecting NO axial diffusion underestimate excretion in the airways.




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