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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print May 17, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00019.2002
Submitted on January 11, 2002
Accepted on May 14, 2002
1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
2 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
3 Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hodgesmr{at}mcw.edu.
Our purpose in this study was to identify different ventilatory phenotypes among four different strains of rats. We examined 114 rats from three in-house, inbred strains, and one outbred strain; Brown Norway (BN/SsNHsd/Mcw, n = 26), Dahl salt-sensitive (SS/JrHsd/Mcw, n = 24), Fawn-hooded Hypertensive (FHH/EUR/Mcw, n = 27), and outbred Sprague-Dawley rats (SD, n = 37). We measured eupneic (room air) breathing and the ventilatory response to hypoxia (12% O2-bal. N2), hypercapnia (7% CO2 - bal. room air), and two levels of sub-maximal exercise. Primary strain differences were between BN and the other strains; the BN rats had a relatively attenuated ventilatory response to CO2 (p<0.001), and an accentuated ventilatory roll-off during hypoxia (p<0.05). Ventilation during hypoxia was lower than other strains, but the hyperventilation during hypoxia was equal to the other strains (p>0.05), indicating the metabolic rate during hypoxia decreased more in BN rats than other strains. Another strain difference was in the frequency and timing components of augmented breaths (AB), where the FHH rats frequently differed from the other strains, and the BN rats had the longest TE of the AB (probably secondary to the blunted CO2 sensitivity. These strain differences not only provide insight into physiologic mechanisms, but also indicate traits (such as CO2 sensitivity) that are genetically regulated. Finally, the data establish a foundation for physiologic genomic studies aimed at elucidating the genetics of these ventilatory control mechanisms.
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