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J Appl Physiol 103: 1912-1913, 2007; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00943.2007
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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Reply to Dr. Bishop

TO THE EDITOR: Dr. Bishop raised several points (1) that deserve to be cleared up and/or discussed.

One point is the discrepancy between the reported mean pH decrease during the standardized exercise (0.66 ± 0.05 pH units in Con, see Ref. 5) and the 0.75 pH units estimated by Bishop (1) from a reproduction of Fig. 1A of Ref. 5. The mean value reported of 0.66 is correct (5). However, Fig. 1A of Ref. 5 does not reproduce the data accurately. Regrettably, a distortion of the data occurred when Fig. 1A was prepared (5). The following new Fig. 1 reports the data faithfully.


Figure 1
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Fig. 1. Relationships between supramaximal work performed (WSUP, kJ) and decrease in muscle pH ({Delta}pHm/Wsup-se, pH units/kJ) during the standardized event. Shaded dots are for women, black dots for men.

 
Another point is the large pH decrease (0.66 pH units) (5) compared to those reported by Sahlin et al. (8) and Hermansen and Osnes (3) (~0.50). Our mean postexercise muscle pH values (6.49 and 6.51 in Con and Alk, respectively) were higher than those obtained in Refs. 3, 6 of 6.41 and 6.40, which is consistent with the fact that our subjects were not fully exhausted. On the other hand, our mean resting values (7.16 and 7.17) using the method of Mannion et al. (4) were high compared with ~7.00 (3, 8). The discrepancy can be attributed to the methodology used (homogenizing solution and temperature). Our resting muscle pH and correlation between muscle pH and lactate concentration are in accordance with those of Mannion et al. (4) (7.19–7.20 and our Fig. 2, A and B, respectively). Previously, our group (2) used the methodology of Sahlin et al. (8). At that time, our results (7.01–7.03) were consistent with theirs. Furthermore, we take the opportunity of this letter to draw the reader's attention to the danger of reasoning in terms of {Delta}pH as we did. For instance, our {Delta}pH of 0.66 does not correspond to a higher proton accumulation than the {Delta}pH of 0.51 reported in Ref. 3. Indeed, pH decreases from 7.16 to 6.50 and from 6.92 to 6.41 correspond to proton accumulations of 247 and 269 nM, respectively. Reasoning on proton concentrations would have been better. Finally, it is important to keep in mind that a large interindividual variability exits in the muscle pH value reached at exhaustion (3) and in the muscle lactate(+pyruvate) concentrations for a given muscle pH reached (7).


Figure 2
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Fig. 2. Correlations between muscle pH and lactate concentration. The solid line is the regression for the data of Mannion et al. (4). The dashed line is the regression for our data. A: reproduction of data from Mannion et al. (4) and of our mean values. B: reproduction of data from Mannion et al. (4) and ours. Shaded dots are for Alk condition, black dots for Con condition, white dots for data reproduced from Mannion et al. (4).

 
The most important issue raised about our work (5), however, is the nature of the correlation reported in Fig. 1. Bishop believes the correlation to be spurious since y is indirectly involved in the calculation of x due to the close relationship between WSUP and Wsup-se. During exercise, neither the work rate nor the duration of the task was identical from one subject to another. The only way we had to express the rate of pH decrease during exercise was to express {Delta}pH per Joule of work performed. Because the coefficient of variation of {Delta}pH (20.0%) was almost the same as for WSUP (18.9%) or Wsup-se, we believed that statistically the subjects who had done more work did not necessarily have a lower {Delta}pH per kiloJoule of work performed. We were not aware of any interdependence between the variables. The elegant way proposed by Bishop to explore the possible spurious nature of a correlation is interesting. Using his method, we obtained correlation coefficients ranged between –0.49 and 0.95 and a mean coefficient of 0.71. At the present time, the correlation shown in Fig. 1 appears to be spurious and should not be considered as an argument for a physiological relationship between supramaximal work capacity and mechanisms of muscle pH regulation. Nevertheless, all the other results of this study argue in favor of such a physiological link. Thus, even if the correlations reported in Fig. 1 of Ref. 5 are spurious, the conclusions drawn from this study remain unchallenged. We thank Dr. Bishop for bringing to our attention the limitations of our statistical analysis, and we apologize to the Journal, the reviewers, and the readers for these oversights.

FOOTNOTES


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: L. Messonnier, Equipe Modélisation des Activités Sportives, Département STAPS, Université de Savoie, Campus Universitaire, F-73376 Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France (e-mail: laurent.messonnier{at}univ-savoie.fr)

REFERENCES

  1. Bishop D. Is supramaximal work capacity negatively correlated with the rate of decrease in muscle pH? J Appl Physiol; doi:10.1152/ japplphysiol.00784.2007.
  2. Denis C, Linossier M, Dormois D, Padilla S, Geyssant A, Lacour J. Power and metabolic responses during supramaximal exercise in 100-m and 800-m runners. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2: 62–69, 1992.
  3. Hermansen L, Osnes JB. Blood and muscle pH after maximal exercise in man. J Appl Physiol 32: 304–308, 1972.[Free Full Text]
  4. Mannion AF, Jakeman PM, Willan PLT. Determination of human skeletal muscle buffer value by homogenate technique: methods of measurement. J Appl Physiol 75: 1412–1418, 1993.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  5. Messonnier L, Kristensen M, Juel C, Denis C. Importance of pH regulation and lactate/H+ transport capacity for work production during supramaximal exercise in humans. J Appl Physiol 102: 1936–1944, 2007.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  6. Sahlin K, Alvestrand A, Brandt R, Hultman E. Intracellular pH and bicarbonate concentration in human muscle during recovery from exercise. J Appl Physiol 45: 474–480, 1978.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  7. Sahlin K, Harris RC, Hultman E. Creatine kinase equilibrium and lactate content compared with muscle pH in tissue samples obtained after isometric exercise. Biochem J 152: 173–180, 1975.[Web of Science][Medline]
  8. Sahlin K, Harris RC, Nylind B, Hultman E. Lactate content and pH in muscle obtained after dynamic exercise. Pflügers Arch 367: 143–149, 1976.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]

Laurent Messonnier1
Christian Denis2
1Equipe Modélisation des Activités Sportives, Département STAPS, Université de Savoie, Le Bourget du Lac; and 2Laboratoire de Physiologie, Unité PPEH, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France




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Corrigendum
J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2008; 104(1): 318 - 318.
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