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J Appl Physiol 98: 1820-1828, 2005. First published January 7, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00907.2004
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Muscle capillary blood flow kinetics estimated from pulmonary O2 uptake and near-infrared spectroscopy

Leonardo F. Ferreira, Dana K. Townsend, Barbara J. Lutjemeier, and Thomas J. Barstow

Departments of Anatomy and Physiology and Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas

Submitted 20 August 2004 ; accepted in final form 4 January 2005

The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signal (deoxyhemoglobin concentration; [HHb]) reflects the dynamic balance between muscle capillary blood flow (cap) and muscle O2 uptake (O2m) in the microcirculation. The purposes of the present study were to estimate the time course of cap from the kinetics of the primary component of pulmonary O2 uptake (O2p) and [HHb] throughout exercise, and compare the cap kinetics with the O2p kinetics. Nine subjects performed moderate- (M; below lactate threshold) and heavy-intensity (H, above lactate threshold) constant-work-rate tests. O2p (l/min) was measured breath by breath, and [HHb] (µM) was measured by NIRS during the tests. The time course of cap was estimated from the rearrangement of the Fick equation [cap = O2m/(a-v)O2, where (a-v)O2 is arteriovenous O2 difference] using O2p (primary component) and [HHb] as proxies of O2m and (a-v)O2, respectively. The kinetics of [HHb] [time constant ({tau}) + time delay [HHb]; M = 17.8 ± 2.3 s and H = 13.7 ± 1.4 s] were significantly (P < 0.001) faster than the kinetics of O2 [{tau} of primary component ({tau}P); M = 25.5 ± 8.8 s and H = 25.6 ± 7.2 s] and cap [mean response time (MRT); M = 25.4 ± 9.1 s and H = 25.7 ± 7.7 s]. However, there was no significant difference between MRT of cap and {tau}P-O2 for both intensities (P = 0.99), and these parameters were significantly correlated (M and H; r = 0.99; P < 0.001). In conclusion, we have proposed a new method to noninvasively approximate cap kinetics in humans during exercise. The resulting overall cap kinetics appeared to be tightly coupled to the temporal profile of O2m.

exercise; skeletal muscle; oxygenation


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: T. J. Barstow, Dept. of Kinesiology, 1A Natatorium, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506-0302 (E-mail: tbarsto{at}ksu.edu)




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