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Muscle capillary blood flow kinetics estimated from pulmonary O₂ uptake and near-infrared spectroscopy

Departments of Anatomy and Physiology and Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas

Submitted 20 August 2004 ; accepted in final form 4 January 2005

The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signal (deoxyhemoglobin concentration; [HHb]) reflects the dynamic balance between muscle capillary blood flow (_cap) and muscle O₂ uptake (O_2m) in the microcirculation. The purposes of the present study were to estimate the time course of _cap from the kinetics of the primary component of pulmonary O₂ uptake (O_2p) and [HHb] throughout exercise, and compare the _cap kinetics with the O_2p kinetics. Nine subjects performed moderate- (M; below lactate threshold) and heavy-intensity (H, above lactate threshold) constant-work-rate tests. O_2p (l/min) was measured breath by breath, and [HHb] (µM) was measured by NIRS during the tests. The time course of _cap was estimated from the rearrangement of the Fick equation [_cap = O_2m/(a-v)O₂, where (a-v)O₂ is arteriovenous O₂ difference] using O_2p (primary component) and [HHb] as proxies of O_2m and (a-v)O₂, respectively. The kinetics of [HHb] [time constant () + time delay [HHb]; M = 17.8 ± 2.3 s and H = 13.7 ± 1.4 s] were significantly (P < 0.001) faster than the kinetics of O₂ [ of primary component (_P); M = 25.5 ± 8.8 s and H = 25.6 ± 7.2 s] and _cap [mean response time (MRT); M = 25.4 ± 9.1 s and H = 25.7 ± 7.7 s]. However, there was no significant difference between MRT of _cap and _P-O₂ for both intensities (P = 0.99), and these parameters were significantly correlated (M and H; r = 0.99; P < 0.001). In conclusion, we have proposed a new method to noninvasively approximate _cap kinetics in humans during exercise. The resulting overall _cap kinetics appeared to be tightly coupled to the temporal profile of O_2m.

exercise; skeletal muscle; oxygenation

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