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Echocardiographic parameters discriminating myocardial infarction with pulmonary congestion from myocardial infarction without congestion in the mouse

¹Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevaal University Hospital, ²Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, and ³Department of Cardiology, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

Submitted 26 August 2004 ; accepted in final form 1 October 2004

Our aim was to establish parameters describing systolic and diastolic function in mice after myocardial infarction (MI) that distinguish MI with pulmonary congestion from MI without congestion. Echocardiography, left ventricular (LV) catheterization, and infarct size measurements were performed on days 3, 5, 7, and 14 after ligation of the left coronary artery in C57BL/6 mice. Sham-operated mice were used as controls (Sham). MI mice with lung weight normalized to tibial length >125% of the average in the corresponding Sham group were considered to have pulmonary congestion (MI_chf). MI mice with a smaller increase were called MI nonfailing (MI_nf). An infarct >40% of total LV circumference measured in two-dimensional long axis distinguished MI_chf from MI_nf on both an average and an individual basis. Mean maximum rate of rise of LV pressure, LV fractional shortening, and posterior wall shortening velocity were significantly lower in MI_chf compared with Sham at all time points and to MI_nf at 7 days. The diastolic parameters mitral flow deceleration velocity, LV end-diastolic pressure, and maximum rate of decline in LV pressure (LVdP/dt_min) discriminated the MI_chf groups from Sham at all time points. Mitral flow deceleration velocity and LVdP/dt_min separated MI_chf from MI_nf at 7 days. In addition to distinguishing all the groups on an average basis, left atrial diameter distinguished all MI_chf animals from Sham and MI_nf. In conclusion, significantly increased left atrial diameter and infarct size >40% of total LV circumference may serve as major criteria for heart failure with pulmonary congestion after MI in mice.

hemodynamic measurements; left ventricular function; heart failure

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