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J Appl Physiol 98: 598-604, 2005. First published July 16, 2004; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01034.2002
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Hemoglobin levels in Qinghai-Tibet: different effects of gender for Tibetans vs. Han

Tianyi Wu, Xiaoqin Wang, Chunyin Wei, Huawei Cheng, Xiaozhen Wang, Yan Li, Ge-Dong, Haining Zhao, Ping Young, Guilan Li, and Zhigang Wang

High Altitude Medical Research Institute, Xining, Qinghai, People's Republic of China

Submitted 12 November 2002 ; accepted in final form 14 June 2004

The Tibetan population, long a resident on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, has lower hemoglobin concentrations than Han Chinese migrants, but it is incompletely known how gender affects the hemoglobin concentrations in the two populations at various altitudes. Measurements of hemoglobin concentration were obtained in 5,887 healthy male and female Tibetan and Han residents aged 5–60 yr, at altitudes of 2,664, 3,813, 4,525, and 5,200 m. Multiple regression equations showed the {beta}-coefficients for altitude and for age were higher (P < 0.05) in Han men than in Tibetan men and in Han women than in Tibetan women. Analysis indicated a significant three-way interaction between altitude, gender, and ethnicity ({chi}2 = 3.72, P = 0.05). With increasing altitude, men progressively had more hemoglobin than women in the Han, but not the Tibetan, population. Above 2,664 m, this gender-related difference in hemoglobin concentration increased from childhood to young adulthood more in Han than in Tibetans. We suggest that the Han-Tibetan ethnic difference in the effect of altitude on hemoglobin concentration depends to a large extent on gender.

Tibetan plateau; hemoglobin; normal values; puberty


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: T. Wu, High Altitude Medical Research Institute, Nanchua West Road #344, Xining, Qinghai, 810012, P. R. China (E-mail: wutianyiqh{at}hotmail.com)




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