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J Appl Physiol 98: 415-420, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00732.2004
8750-7587/05 $8.00
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INVITED REVIEW

HIGHLIGHTED TOPICS
Pulmonary Circulation and Hypoxia

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: role of ion channels

Joseph R. H. Mauban, Carmelle V. Remillard, and Jason X.-J. Yuan

Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California

Acute hypoxia induces pulmonary vasoconstriction and chronic hypoxia causes structural changes of the pulmonary vasculature including arterial medial hypertrophy. Electro- and pharmacomechanical mechanisms are involved in regulating pulmonary vasomotor tone, whereas intracellular Ca2+ serves as an important signal in regulating contraction and proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Herein, we provide a basic overview of the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Our discussion focuses on the roles of ion channels permeable to K+ and Ca2+, membrane potential, and cytoplasmic Ca2+ in the development of acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and chronic hypoxia-mediated pulmonary vascular remodeling.

hypoxia; proliferation; remodeling; calcium


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: J. X.-J. Yuan, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., MC 0725, La Jolla, CA 92093-0725 (E-mail: xiyuan{at}ucsd.edu)




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