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Chronic glutamine supplementation increases nasal but not salivary IgA during 9 days of interval training

Clinical and Experimental Exercise Science Graduate Program, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202-1495

Submitted 8 September 2003 ; accepted in final form 14 April 2004

Oral glutamine supplementation during and after exercise abolishes exercise-induced decreases in plasma glutamine concentration but does not affect secretory IgA (sIgA) salivary output. Whether chronic glutamine supplementation during high-intensity interval training influences salivary and nasal sIgA concentration is unknown. The purpose of this study was examine the effects of chronic glutamine supplementation on sIgA during intense running training. Runners (n = 13, body mass 69.9 ± 2.8 kg, peak whole body oxygen uptake 55.5 ± 2 ml·kg^–1·min^–1, age 29.1 ± 2.8 yr) participated in twice-daily interval training for 9–9.5 days, followed by recovery (5–7 days). Oral glutamine supplement (0.1 g/kg) or placebo was given four times daily for the first 14 days. After an overnight fast, venous blood, nasal washes, and stimulated saliva were collected at baseline (T1), midtraining (T2), posttraining (T3), and after recovery (T4). Mood states were assessed by using Profile of Mood States (POMS) inventories. We found that glutamine concentration in resting subjects decreased from T1 to T4 (P < 0.05) and was not altered by supplementation. Salivary IgA concentration and output were unchanged by training or supplementation. Mean nasal IgA across the study period was greater in runners receiving glutamine (264.7 ± 35.0 µg/mg protein) vs. placebo (172.4 ± 33.7 µg/mg protein; P < 0.05). POMS analyses indicated that vigor was lower at T3 vs. T1 (P < 0.05) and fatigue was higher at T2 vs. T1 and T4 (P < 0.05). We conclude that chronic glutamine supplementation during interval training results in higher nasal IgA than placebo but does not affect salivary IgA concentration or output.

upper respiratory tract infection; immune indexes; glutamine homeostasis

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