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J Appl Physiol 96: 1600-1605, 2004. First published January 5, 2004; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00595.2003
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Rheology of airway smooth muscle cells is associated with cytoskeletal contractile stress

Dimitrije Stamenovic,1 Béla Suki,1 Ben Fabry,2 Ning Wang,2 Jeffrey J. Fredberg,2 and Julie E. Buy, Technical Assistance1

1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, and 2Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02115

Submitted 10 June 2003 ; accepted in final form 31 December 2003

Recently reported data from mechanical measurements of cultured airway smooth muscle cells show that stiffness of the cytoskeletal matrix is determined by the extent of static contractile stress borne by the cytoskeleton (Wang N, Tolic-Nørrelykke IM, Chen J, Mijailovich SM, Butler JP, Fredberg JJ, and Stamenovic D. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 282, C606-C616, 2002). On the other hand, rheological measurements on these cells show that cytoskeletal stiffness changes with frequency of imposed mechanical loading according to a power law (Fabry B, Maksym GN, Butler JP, Glogauer M, Navajas DF, and Fredberg JJ. Phys Rev Lett 87: 148102, 2001). In this study, we examine the possibility that these two empirical observations might be interrelated. We combine previously reported data for contractile stress of human airway smooth muscle cells with new data describing rheological properties of these cells and derive quantitative, mathematically tractable, and experimentally verifiable empirical relationships between contractile stress and indexes of cell rheology. These findings reveal an intriguing role of the contractile stress: although it maintains structural stability of the cell under applied mechanical loads, it may also regulate rheological properties of the cytoskeleton, which are essential for other cell functions.

contractility; power law; stiffness; cytometry; mechanics


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: D. Stamenovic, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Boston Univ., 44 Cummington St., Boston, MA 02215 (E-mail: dimitrij{at}engc.bu.edu).




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