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Exercise training-induced adaptations of immune response are mediated by -adrenergic receptors in aged but not young mice

Departments of ¹Health and Human Performance, and ²Immunobiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011

Submitted 29 July 2003 ; accepted in final form 2 December 2003

-Adrenergic blockade was used to determine whether the exercise training-induced adaptations of immune response to viral infection were mediated by catecholamines in young and old mice. Young (2 mo) and older (16 mo) male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to an exercise or control group, and half of the mice in each group received the -adrenergic receptor antagonist nadolol. After 8 wk of moderate exercise training, mice were challenged with herpes simplex virus (HSV) 24 h postexercise. The results showed that exercise treatment increased anti-HSV IgM antibody, enhanced IL-10, and altered the kinetics of IFN- and IL-2 production in young and old mice. Unique to older mice, exercise decreased mitogen-induced proliferation, increased splenocytes, and tended to decrease memory cells (CD44^hi+). In contrast, exercise increased mitogen-induced proliferation but decreased the number of splenic lymphocyte and CD4+ cells in young mice. -Adrenergic blockade blunted the exercise-induced changes in anti-HSV IgM, IL-2, IFN, and mitogen-induced proliferation in old but not young mice. The findings suggest that some of the immunomodulatory effects of chronic exercise are mediated via -adrenergic receptors and that the role of -adrenergic receptors is age dependent.

cytokines; lymphocyte; immunomodulation; stress

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