Journal of Applied Physiology AJP: Cell Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 96: 50-58, 2004. First published September 5, 2003; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00940.2002
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Caffeine or melatonin effects on sleep and sleepiness after rapid eastward transmeridian travel

M. Beaumont,1 D. Batéjat,1 C. Piérard,1 P. Van Beers,1 J. B. Denis,2 O. Coste,1 P. Doireau,2 F. Chauffard,3 J. French,4 and D. Lagarde5

1Department of Physiology, Institut de Médecine Aérospatiale du Service de Santé des Armées, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge; 2Centre Principal d'Expertise Médicale du Personnel Navigant, F-92141 Clamart; and 5Direction Centrale du Service de Santé des Armées, AST-REC, F-00459 Armées, France; 3Nestec SA, Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland; and 4Air Force Research Laboratory, Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas 78235

Submitted 10 October 2002 ; accepted in final form 25 August 2003

We measured the effects of slow-release caffeine (SRC) and melatonin (Mlt) on sleep and daytime sleepiness after a seven-time zone eastbound flight. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, each of three groups of nine subjects was given either 300 mg SRC on recovery day 1 (D1) to D5 (0800) or 5 mg Mlt on preflight D-1 (1700), flight day D0 (1600), and from D1 to D3 (2300), or placebo (Pbo) at the same times. Nighttime sleep was evaluated by polysomnography and daytime sleepiness from measurements of sleep latencies and continuous wrist actigraphy. Compared with baseline, we found a significant rebound of slow-wave sleep on night 1 (N1) to N2 under Pbo and Mlt and a significant decrease in rapid eye movement sleep on N1 (Pbo) and N1–N3 (Mlt). Sleepiness was objectively increased under Pbo (D1–D6) and Mlt (D1–D3). SRC reduced sleepiness but also tended to affect sleep quality until the last drug day. In conclusion, both drugs have positive effects on some jet lag symptoms after an eastbound flight: SRC on daytime sleepiness, and Mlt on sleep.

sleep architecture; alertness; time zones; resynchronization; drugs


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. Beaumont, Dept. of Physiology, IMASSA, BP no. 73, F-91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France (E-mail: mbeaumont{at}imassa.fr).




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Efficacy and safety of exogenous melatonin for secondary sleep disorders and sleep disorders accompanying sleep restriction: meta-analysis
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