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Submandibular responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation in anesthetized sheep

¹Imperial College School of Medicine Endocrine Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; ²Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College of Ireland, Dublin 4, Ireland; and ³Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom

Submitted 28 October 2002 ; accepted in final form 12 May 2003

Submandibular secretory and vascular responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation and the output of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were investigated in anaesthetized sheep in the presence and absence of atropine (0.5 mg/kg). In the absence of atropine, parasympathetic stimulation caused an increase in the flow of saliva and a decrease in submandibular vascular resistance; the latter response persisted after the administration of atropine and was then significantly reduced at the lowest but not at the higher frequencies tested. The output of VIP from the gland was frequency dependent over the range of 10-20 Hz (continuously) and significantly increased after atropine (P < 0.02). Furthermore, the fall in vascular resistance was linearly related to log VIP output after total muscarinic blockade. Intracarotid infusions of synthetic VIP produced dose-dependent falls in submandibular vascular resistance, together with a corresponding increase in submandibular blood flow. It is concluded that the atropine-resistant vasodilatation that occurs in this gland during parasympathetic stimulation is likely to be due largely, if not entirely, to the release of VIP.

submandibular gland; blood flow; saliva; vasoactive intestinal peptide

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