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J Appl Physiol 95: 829-837, 2003. First published April 25, 2003; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00775.2002
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Nonuniform strain of human soleus aponeurosis-tendon complex during submaximal voluntary contractions in vivo

Taija Finni,1,2 John A. Hodgson,3 Alex M. Lai,3 V. Reggie Edgerton,1,3 and Shantanu Sinha2

1Brain Research Institute, and Departments of 3Physiological Sciences and 2Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1527

Submitted 23 August 2002 ; accepted in final form 11 April 2003

The distribution of strain along the soleus aponeurosis tendon was examined during voluntary contractions in vivo. Eight subjects performed cyclic isometric contractions (20 and 40% of maximal voluntary contraction). Displacement and strain in the apparent Achilles tendon and in the aponeurosis were calculated from cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance images acquired with a field of view of 32 cm. The apparent Achilles tendon lengthened 2.8 and 4.7% in 20 and 40% maximal voluntary contraction, respectively. The midregion of the aponeurosis, below the gastrocnemius insertion, lengthened 1.2 and 2.2%, but the distal aponeurosis shortened 2.1 and 2.5%, respectively. There was considerable variation in the three-dimensional anatomy of the aponeurosis and muscle-tendon junction. We suggest that the nonuniformity in aponeurosis strain within an individual was due to the presence of active and passive motor units along the length of the muscle, causing variable force along the measurement site. Force transmission along intrasoleus connective tissue may also be a significant source of nonuniform strain in the aponeurosis.

skeletal muscle; isometric contraction; Achilles tendon; force; cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: T. Finni, UCLA Brain Research Institute, Dept. of Physiological Sciences, 621 Charles E. Young Dr., Box 951527, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1527 (E-mail: TFinni{at}mednet.ucla.edu).




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