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Carbohydrate loading and supplementation in endurance-trained women runners

¹Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; and ²Department of Nautical Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China

Submitted 19 September 2002 ; accepted in final form 17 April 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) augmentation on endurance performance and substrate utilization in aerobically trained women. Eight endurance-trained women completed a 24.2-km (15 mile) self-paced treadmill performance run under three conditions: CHO supplementation (S), CHO loading and supplementation (L+S), and placebo (P). Dietary CHO was 75% of energy intake for L+S and 50% for both S and P. A 6% CHO-electrolyte solution (S and L+S) or placebo (P) was ingested preexercise (6 ml/kg) and every 20 min during exercise (3 ml/kg). Blood glucose was significantly higher at 40, 60, and 100 min during L+S, and at 60, 80, and 100 min during S compared with P (P < 0.05). Blood lactate was significantly higher (P < 0.05) during L+S than S and P. Blood glycerol was significantly lower (P < 0.05) at 20, 80, and 100 min during L+S, and at 80 and 100 min during S than P. The proportion of CHO (%) utilized during exercise was significantly higher (P < 0.05) during L+S (71.3 ± 3.8%) and S (67.3 ± 4.3%) than P (59.2 ± 4.6%). Performance times (P > 0.05) were 132.5 ± 6.3 min (S), 134.4 ± 6.3 min (L+S), and 136.6 ± 7.9 min (P). In conclusion, it appears that when CHO availability in women is increased through CHO loading and/or CHO supplementation, there is a concomitant increase in CHO utilization. However, this may not necessarily result in significantly improved performance.

endurance performance; substrate utilization; glucose; glycerol; lactate