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J Appl Physiol 94: 2406-2413, 2003. First published January 17, 2003; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00774.2002
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Vol. 94, Issue 6, 2406-2413, June 2003

Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in endurance-trained than in sedentary men

Annemarie E. Pimentel1, Christopher L. Gentile1, Hirofumi Tanaka1, Douglas R. Seals1,2, and Phillip E. Gates1

1 Human Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309; and 2 Divisions of Cardiology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262

To determine the relation between habitual endurance exercise status and the age-associated decline in maximal aerobic capacity [i.e., maximal O2 consumption (VO2 max)] in men, we performed a well-controlled cross-sectional laboratory study on 153 healthy men aged 20-75 yr: 64 sedentary and 89 endurance trained. VO2 max (ml · kg-1 · min-1), measured by maximal treadmill exercise, was inversely related to age in the endurance-trained (r = -0.80) and sedentary (r = -0.74) men but was higher in the endurance-trained men at any age. The rate of decline in VO2 max with age (ml · kg-1 · min-1) was greater (P < 0.001) in the endurance-trained than in the sedentary men. Whereas the relative rate of decline in VO2 max (percent decrease per decade from baseline levels in young adulthood) was similar in the two groups, the absolute rate of decline in VO2 max was -5.4 and -3.9 ml · kg-1 · min- · decade-1 in the endurance-trained and sedentary men, respectively. VO2 max declined linearly across the age range in the sedentary men but was maintained in the endurance-trained men until ~50 yr of age. The accelerated decline in VO2 max after 50 yr of age in the endurance-trained men was related to a decline in training volume (r = 0.46, P < 0.0001) and was associated with an increase in 10-km running time (r = -0.84, P < 0.0001). We conclude that the rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity during middle and older age is greater in endurance-trained men than in their sedentary peers and is associated with a marked decline in O2 pulse.

maximal oxygen consumption; aging; functional capacity


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