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J Appl Physiol 94: 2043-2050, 2003. First published December 6, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00777.2002
8750-7587/03 $5.00
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Vol. 94, Issue 5, 2043-2050, May 2003

Serial changes in nasal potential difference and lung electrical impedance tomography at high altitude

Nicholas P. Mason1, Merete Petersen2, Christian Mélot3, Bakyt Imanow4, Olga Matveykine4, Marie-Therese Gautier1, Akpay Sarybaev4, Almaz Aldashev4, Mirsaid M. Mirrakhimov4, Brian H. Brown5, Andrew D. Leathard5, and Robert Naeije1

1 Department of Physiology, Free University of Brussels, B1070 Brussels, Belgium; 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2000 Copenhagen N, Denmark; 3 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasme Hôspital, B1070 Brussels, Belgium; 4 National Center for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; 5 Department of Medical Physics, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom

Recent work suggests that treatment with inhaled beta 2-agonists reduces the incidence of high-altitude pulmonary edema in susceptible subjects by increasing respiratory epithelial sodium transport. We estimated respiratory epithelial ion transport by transepithelial nasal potential difference (NPD) measurements in 20 normal male subjects before, during, and after a stay at 3,800 m. NPD hyperpolarized on ascent to 3,800 m (P < 0.05), but the change in potential difference with superperfusion of amiloride or isoprenaline was unaffected. Vital capacity (VC) fell on ascent to 3,800 m (P < 0.05), as did the normalized change in electrical impedance (NCI) measured over the right lung parenchyma (P < 0.05) suggestive of an increase in extravascular lung water. Echo-Doppler-estimated pulmonary artery pressure increases were insufficient to cause clinical pulmonary edema. There was a positive correlation between VC and NCI (R2 = 0.633) and between NPD and both VC and NCI (R2 = 0.267 and 0.418). These changes suggest that altered respiratory epithelial ion transport might play a role in the development of subclinical pulmonary edema at high altitude in normal subjects.

pulmonary edema; hypobaric hypoxia


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