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J Appl Physiol 94: 1519-1526, 2003. First published October 25, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00059.2001
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Vol. 94, Issue 4, 1519-1526, April 2003

Effects of various forms of surfactant protein C on tidal volume in ventilated immature newborn rabbits

Katsumi Tashiro1, Keisuke Ohta1, Xiaoguang Cui1, Kazuo Nishizuka1, Ken Yamamoto1, Tomoharu Konzaki1, Tsutomu Kobayashi1, and Yasuhiro Suzuki2

1 Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; and 2 Department of Ultramicrostructural Research, Institute for Frontier Medical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan

Surfactant protein (SP)-C is characterized by alpha -helix structure and palmitoyl groups attached to two cysteine residues. We examined the function of palmitoylation and dimerization in promotion of tidal volume in immature newborn rabbits. Reconstituted surfactants were made from a mixture of synthetic phospholipids and porcine SP-B (basic mixture) by adding various forms of SP-Cs: normal SP-C isolated from porcine lungs and monomeric or dimeric forms of SP-C. These latter two were isolated from patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and were less palmitoylated. Animals were ventilated at an inspiratory pressure of 25 cmH2O. Median tidal volumes were <2 ml/kg in nontreated controls, 7.7 ml/kg in animals receiving the basic mixture without SP-C, and >18 ml/kg in animals treated with reconstituted surfactants containing 3% normal or 2% dimeric SP-C (P < 0.05 vs. basic mixture). The physiological effect of basic mixture was not improved by monomeric SP-C. We conclude that palmitoyl groups are important for the physiological effects of SP-C and that the dimeric form also improves physiological effects.

circular dichroism; palmitoylation; pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; pulmonary surfactant; surface tension


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