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J Appl Physiol 94: 285-294, 2003. First published September 20, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00693.2002
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Vol. 94, Issue 1, 285-294, January 2003

Effects of oral contraceptives on glucose flux and substrate oxidation rates during rest and exercise

Sang-Hoon Suh, Gretchen A. Casazza, Michael A. Horning, Benjamin F. Miller, and George A. Brooks

Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3140

We examined the effects of oral contraceptives (OC) on glucose flux and whole body substrate oxidation rates during rest (90 min) and two exercise intensities [60-min leg ergometer cycling at 45 and 65% peak O2 uptake (VO2 peak)]. Eight healthy, eumenorrheic women were studied during the follicular and luteal phases before OC and the inactive and high-dose phases after 4 mo of a low-dose, triphasic OC. Subjects were studied in the morning 3 h after a standardized (308 kcal) breakfast. There were significant reductions in glucose rates of appearance and disappearance during exercise of both intensities with OC but not rest. There were no phase effects on substrate oxidation during rest or exercise. These results are interpreted to mean that, in women fed several hours before study, 1) OC decreases glucose flux, but not overall carbohydrate and lipid oxidation rates during moderate-intensity exercise; and 2) synthetic ovarian hormone analogs in the doses contained in OC have greater metabolic effects on glucose metabolism during exercise than do endogenous ovarian hormones.

ovarian hormones; glucose kinetics; exertion; women; gender


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