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J Appl Physiol 94: 185-192, 2003. First published September 6, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00295.2002
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Vol. 94, Issue 1, 185-192, January 2003

Increased wheel-running activity in the genetically skeletal muscle fast-twitch fiber-dominant rats

Masataka Suwa1, Hiroshi Nakano2, Yasuki Higaki3, Tomohiro Nakamura4, Shigeru Katsuta5, and Shuzo Kumagai1

1 Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580; 2 Department of Human Development, Nakamura Gakuen University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198; 3 Department of Preventive Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga 849-8501; 4 Department of General Education, Osaka Institute of Technology, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585; and 5 Graduate School of Integrated Science and Art, University of East Asia, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 751-8503, Japan

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether genetic differences in muscle histochemical characteristics were related to the voluntary wheel-running activity level by using genetically fast-twitch fiber-dominant rats (FFDR) and control rats (CR). The rats were divided into four groups; sedentary CR (Sed-CR), wheel-running CR (WR-CR), sedentary FFDR (Sed-FFDR), and wheel-running FFDR (WR-FFDR). Wheel access was started at age 9 wk and lasted for 7 days. The FFDR showed a lower percentage of type I fibers of the deep portion of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and a higher percentage of both type IIX fibers of the gastrocnemius muscle and type IIA fibers of the soleus muscle compared with CR. A higher capillary density and smaller fiber cross-sectional area were also observed in FFDR. The daily running distance in WR-FFDR was higher than in WR-CR for each 7 days. The total running distance for 7 days in WR-FFDR was 3.2-fold higher than in WR-CR. On day 7 of the 7-day test, the total number of active 1-min intervals for 24 h, the average rpm when they were active, and the maximum rpm for any single 1-min period in the WR-FFDR were significantly higher than in the WR-CR (1.5-, 2.9-, and 2.0-fold, respectively). These results suggest that mechanical or physiological muscle characteristics may thus affect the wheel-running activity level.

activity pattern; capillary density; selection breeding; muscle fiber-type composition; wheel cage


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