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1 Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, N1G 2W1; 2 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and 3 Departments of Medicine and Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S 4L8; and 4 Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
A few qualitative investigations
suggested that location of muscle glycogen (G) granules in specific
sites may be associated with distinct metabolic roles. Similarly, it
has been suggested that the acid-soluble and -insoluble G fractions
(macro- and proglycogen, respectively) are different metabolic pools
and also could exist as separate entities. We employed a transmission
electron microscopic technique to quantify subcellular G particle size,
number, and location in human vastus lateralis biopsies of 11 resting
men. The intra- and interobserver variability for the various measures was generally <4%. Granule size and number were quantified in subcellular compartments (subsarcolemmal, intra- and
intermyofibrillar). Subcellular location was critical: G was more
densely concentrated in the subsarcolemmal than in the myofibrillar
space, whereas the single-particle volume was greater in the latter.
Single-particle diameter ranged from 10 to 44 
m and followed a
continuous, normal distribution. This implies that proglycogen is not a
distinct entity, but rather that pro- and macroglycogen are divisions
of smaller and larger molecules. These results demonstrate a
compartmentalized pattern of subcellular G deposition in human skeletal
muscle for both the size and density of granules.
glycosome; metabolic compartments; electron microscopy; carbohydrate; glycogen regulation; proglycogen; macroglycogen
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