Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 93: 990-999, 2002. First published May 31, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00249.2002
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Vol. 93, Issue 3, 990-999, September 2002

Effect of different protocols of caffeine intake on metabolism and endurance performance

Gregory R. Cox1, Ben Desbrow1, Paul G. Montgomery2, Megan E. Anderson1, Clinton R. Bruce3, Theodore A. Macrides4, David T. Martin1, Angela Moquin1, Alan Roberts2, John A. Hawley3, and Louise M. Burke1

1 Sports Science and Sports Medicine, Australian Institute of Sport, Belconnen, Australian Capital Territory 2616; 2 Centre for Sports Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory 2617; 3 Exercise Metabolism Group, School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083; and 4 Natural Products Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia

Competitive athletes completed two studies of 2-h steady-state (SS) cycling at 70% peak O2 uptake followed by 7 kJ/kg time trial (TT) with carbohydrate (CHO) intake before (2 g/kg) and during (6% CHO drink) exercise. In Study A, 12 subjects received either 6 mg/kg caffeine 1 h preexercise (Precaf), 6 × 1 mg/kg caffeine every 20 min throughout SS (Durcaf), 2 × 5 ml/kg Coca-Cola between 100 and 120 min SS and during TT (Coke), or placebo. Improvements in TT were as follows: Precaf, 3.4% (0.2-6.5%, 95% confidence interval); Durcaf, 3.1% (-0.1-6.5%); and Coke, 3.1% (-0.2-6.2%). In Study B, eight subjects received 3 × 5 ml/kg of different cola drinks during the last 40 min of SS and TT: decaffeinated, 6% CHO (control); caffeinated, 6% CHO; decaffeinated, 11% CHO; and caffeinated, 11% CHO (Coke). Coke enhanced TT by 3.3% (0.8-5.9%), with all trials showing 2.2% TT enhancement (0.5-3.8%; P < 0.05) due to caffeine. Overall, 1) 6 mg/kg caffeine enhanced TT performance independent of timing of intake and 2) replacing sports drink with Coca-Cola during the latter stages of exercise was equally effective in enhancing endurance performance, primarily due to low intake of caffeine (~1.5 mg/kg).

carbohydrate; ergogenic aids; cola drink


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