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J Appl Physiol 92: 1808-1816, 2002. First published February 8, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01152.2001
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Vol. 92, Issue 5, 1808-1816, May 2002

Diaphragm arterioles are less responsive to alpha 1- adrenergic constriction than gastrocnemius arterioles

Aaron Aaker and M. H. Laughlin

Departments of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Medical Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211

The sympathetic nervous system has greater influence on vascular resistance in low-oxidative, fast-twitch skeletal muscle than in high-oxidative skeletal muscle (17). The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that arterioles isolated from low-oxidative, fast-twitch skeletal muscle [the white portion of gastrocnemius (WG)] possess greater responsiveness to adrenergic constriction than arterioles isolated from high-oxidative skeletal muscle [red portion of the gastrocnemius muscle (RG) and diaphragm (Dia)]. Second-order arterioles (2As) were isolated from WG, RG, and Dia of rats and reactivity examined in vitro. Results reveal that Dia 2As constrict less to norepinephrine (NE) (10-9 to 10 -4 M) than 2As from RG and WG, which exhibited similar NE-induced constrictions. This difference was not endothelium dependent, because responses of denuded 2As were similar to those of intact arterioles. The blunted NE-induced constrictor response of Dia 2As appears to be the result of differences in alpha 1-receptor effects because 1) arterioles from Dia also responded less to selective alpha 1-receptor stimulation with phenylephrine than RG and WG arterioles; 2) arterioles from Dia, RG, and WG dilated similarly to isoproterenol (10-9 to 10-4 M) and did not respond to selective alpha 2-receptor stimulation with UK-14304; and 3) endothelin-1 produced similar constriction in 2As from Dia, RG, and WG. We conclude that differences in oxidative capacity and/or fiber type composition of muscle tissue do not explain different NE responsiveness of Dia 2As compared with 2As from gastrocnemius muscle. Differences in alpha 1-adrenergic constrictor responsiveness among arterioles in skeletal muscle may contribute to nonuniform muscle blood flow responses observed during exercise and serve to maintain blood flow to Dia during exercise-induced increases in sympathetic nerve activity.

endothelium; endothelial-derived factors; norepinephrine; isoproterenol; phenylephrine; UK-14304; endothelin-1


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