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1 Vermont Lung Center, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405; 2 Department of Clinical Physiology, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden; and 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, CNPQ, Brazil
Respiratory system
resistance (R) and elastance (E) are commonly estimated by fitting the
linear equation of motion P = EV + R
+ P0 (Eq. 1) to measurements of respiratory
pressure (P), lung volume (V), and flow (). However, the
respiratory system is unlikely to behave linearly under many
circumstances. We determined the importance of respiratory system
nonlinearities in two groups of mechanically ventilated Balb/c mice
[controls and mice with allergically inflamed airways (ova/ova)], by
assessing the impact of the addition of nonlinear terms
(E2V2 and
R2||) on the
goodness of model fit seen with Eq. 1. Significant improvement in fit (51.85 ± 4.19%) was only seen in the ova/ova mice during bronchoconstriction when the E2V2
alone was added. An improvement was also observed with addition of the
E2V2 term in mice with both low and high lung
volumes ventilated at baseline, suggesting a volume-dependent
nonlinearity of E. We speculate that airway closure in the constricted
ova/ova mice accentuated the volume-dependent nonlinearity by
decreasing lung volume and overdistending the remaining lung.
resistance; elastance; airway closure; hysteresis; asthma; pulmonary mechanics
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