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1 Hôpital Laval and Kinesiology, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4; 2 Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland; 4 Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Canada G1V 4G2; 5 Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; 6 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55108; 7 Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405; 8 Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808-4121
The uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is
a mitochondrial membrane transporter mainly expressed in skeletal
muscle that we have shown to be associated with obesity.
We have analyzed UCP3 polymorphisms, Val102Ile, Tyr210Tyr, and a new
microsatellite GAIVS6 located in the sixth intron, among 276 black and
503 white subjects from the HERITAGE Family Study. Linkage and
association studies were undertaken with body composition variables
measured in a sedentary state (baseline) and after 20 wk of endurance
training (changes). Allele and genotype frequencies were found to be
significantly different between whites and blacks. Suggestive linkages
(0.009 
P 0.033) with Tyr210Tyr were found in
blacks and whites for baseline body mass index, fat mass, or leptin
level and with GAIVS6 in whites for changes in fat mass and percent
body fat. Associations were also found in whites between GAIVS6 and
changes in the sum of eight skinfold thicknesses (P = 0.0006), with a borderline result for body mass index
(P = 0.06). We concluded that UCP3 could be involved in
body composition changes after regular exercise.
microsatellite; polymorphism; fat; association; linkage
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