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J Appl Physiol 92: 1104-1110, 2002. First published October 19, 2001; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00479.2001
8750-7587/02 $5.00
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Vol. 92, Issue 3, 1104-1110, March 2002

Damage to different motor units from active lengthening of the medial gastrocnemius muscle of the cat

C. L. Brockett1, D. L. Morgan2, J. E. Gregory1, and U. Proske1

Departments of 1 Physiology and 2 Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia

Slow-twitch motor units in the medial gastrocnemius muscle of the anesthetized cat were found to have an average optimum length for active tension that was 0.8 ± 0.5 (SE) mm longer than the whole muscle optimum. For fast-twitch units (time to peak < 50 ms), the average optimum was 1.3 ± 0.3 mm shorter than the whole muscle optimum. After the muscle had been subjected to 10 stretches while maximally activated, beginning at the whole muscle optimum length, the optimum lengths of the 27 fast-twitch motor units shifted significantly further in the direction of longer muscle lengths (mean 4.3 ± 0.3 mm) than for the eight slow-twitch units (2.1 ± 0.4 mm). A shift in the muscle's length-tension relation was interpreted as being due to sarcomere disruption. Statistical analysis showed that a motor unit's optimum length for a contraction, relative to the whole muscle optimum, was a better indicator of the unit's susceptibility to damage from active lengthenings than was motor unit type.

eccentric exercise; injury; motor unit; compliance; sarcomere


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