Journal of Applied Physiology AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 92: 643-650, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00499.2001
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Vol. 92, Issue 2, 643-650, February 2002

Does age, sex, or ACE genotype affect glucose and insulin responses to strength training?

D. E. Hurlbut1, M. E. Lott1,2, A. S. Ryan3, R. E. Ferrell4, S. M. Roth1,4, F. M. Ivey1,3, G. F. Martel1,5, J. T. Lemmer6, J. L. Fleg7, and B. F. Hurley1

1 Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742; 2 Division of Cardiology, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033; 3 Division of Gerontology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201; 4 Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261; 5 Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland 21853; 6 Nutrition, Exercise, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, The Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111; and 7 National Institute on Aging, Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether age, sex, or angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype influences the effects of strength training (ST) on glucose homeostasis. Nineteen sedentary young (age = 20-30 yr) men (n = 10) and women (n = 9) were studied and compared with 21 sedentary older (age = 65-75 yr) men (n = 12) and women (n = 9) before and after a 6-mo total body ST program. Fasting insulin concentrations were reduced in young men and in older men with ST (P < 0.05 in both). In addition, total insulin area under the curve decreased by 21% in young men (P < 0.05), and there was a trend for a decrease (11%) in older men (P = 0.06). No improvements in insulin responses were observed in young or older women. The ACE deletion/deletion genotype group had the lowest fasting insulin and insulin areas under the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) curve before training (all P < 0.05), but those with at least one insertion allele had a trend for a greater reduction in total insulin area than deletion homozygotes (P = 0.07). These results indicate that ST has a more favorable effect on insulin response to an OGTT in men than in women and offer some support for the hypothesis that ACE genotype may influence insulin responses to ST.

gender; genetics; glucose tolerance; angiotensin I-converting enzyme


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