Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 92: 59-66, 2002;
8750-7587/02 $5.00
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Vol. 92, Issue 1, 59-66, January 2002

Tidal exhaled nitric oxide in healthy, unsedated newborn infants with prenatal tobacco exposure

Graham L. Hall1,2, Benjamin Reinmann1, Johannes H. Wildhaber2, and Urs Frey1

1 Swiss Paediatric Respiratory Physiology Research Group, University Children's Hospital Bern, CH-3010 Bern; and 2 Swiss Paediatric Respiratory Physiology Research Group, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland

Tidal fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) changes were investigated in healthy, unsedated infants with or without prenatal tobacco exposure. Tidal flow (V), FENO, and CO2 were measured in 20 healthy, unsedated infants [age: 25-58 days, length: 56.5 ± 2.5 (SE) cm]. NO output (VNO) was calculated (VNO = FENO × V). Two approaches were used to investigate within-breath changes of FENO and VNO. First, we identified phases II and III from the expiratory capnogram. Second, we divided expiration into time-based quartiles. Tidal FENO (range: 14.5 ± 1.6 to 17.6 ± 2.1 parts/billion: quartile 4 and phase II, respectively) was not different between portions and exhibited significant negative V dependence. VNO was significantly dependent on the expiratory portion, with quartile 4 being significantly lower than the remaining expiratory portions. Infants exposed to prenatal cigarette smoke (n = 7) exhibited significantly lower FENO and VNO compared with nonexposed (n = 13) infants. We conclude that tidal FENO is V dependent and that VNO may be a more suitable outcome parameter in variable V conditions. Prenatal tobacco exposure resulted in a decreased FENO and VNO in infants.

tidal breathing; lung function


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