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J Appl Physiol 91: 2384-2388, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 91, Issue 5, 2384-2388, November 2001

HIGHLIGHTED TOPICS
Genome and Hormones: Gender Differences in Physiology
Invited Review: Sex-based differences in gene expression

Harry Ostrer

Human Genetics Program, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016

Certain diseases are more prevalent among women than men. The reasons for this increased prevalence are unknown, but there could be a genetic basis. Increased expression of X-linked genes in females, protective effects of Y-linked genes in males, or sex-limited gene expression that is developmentally or hormonally regulated could all account for these differences. Analysis of individuals with and without genetic sex reversal provides a means for distinguishing between genetic and hormonal causes. This can be complemented by genetic linkage and gene expression profiling to aid in the identification of candidate genes.

Y-linked genes; X-linked genes; sex determination; sex-limited gene expression


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