| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Department of Physiological Science, University of California, Los Angeles 90095; and 2 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
Dietary and humoral factors are thought to be involved in the development of hypertension. This study investigated the interaction between diet and gonadal hormone status in the development and reversibility of hypertension. Normal male and female and ovariectomized (OVX) female Fischer rats were placed on either a high-fat (primarily saturated), refined carbohydrate (sucrose) (HFS) or a low-fat, complex carbohydrate (LFCC) diet at 2 mo of age, and body weight and systolic blood pressure (BP) were measured. Male and OVX female rats were initially on the diets for 7 mo, whereas normal female rats were on the diets for 2 yr. After this initial phase, a group of rats from each of the normal HFS groups were converted to the LFCC diet for a period of 1 mo (males) and 2 mo (females). The OVX females were subcutaneously implanted with a 0.5-mg estradiol (E2) pellet for 1 mo. A significant rise in arterial BP occurred within 12 mo in female and only 2 mo in male rats on the HFS diet, exceeding 140 mmHg after 24 and 7 mo, respectively. Conversion from the HFS to the LFCC diet led to a normalization of BP in both female and male rats. HFS diet-induced hypertension was accelerated by OVX in female rats, approaching the pattern seen in male rats. The effect of OVX was completely reversed by E2 replacement. BP did not significantly change in any of the LFCC groups at any time point, and E2 replacement had no effect on BP in the OVX LFCC group. All HFS groups had significantly greater body weight, with differences occurring sooner in the male and OVX rats compared with the female rats. Diet modification resulted in a partial but significant reduction of body weight, but E2 replacement did not. These results demonstrate that long-term consumption of HFS diet induces hypertension in both genders and is reversible by diet modification. Hypertension is significantly delayed in females with functional ovaries. This protection is lost by OVX and restored by estrogen replacement. Thus hormone status contributes to the delayed onset of diet-induced hypertension in females compared with males.
blood pressure; endothelial dysfunction; hormones; fat; sugar
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M.-C. Aubin, C. Lajoie, R. Clement, H. Gosselin, A. Calderone, and L. P. Perrault Female Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet Were Associated with Vascular Dysfunction and Cardiac Fibrosis in the Absence of Overt Obesity and Hyperlipidemia: Therapeutic Potential of Resveratrol J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., June 1, 2008; 325(3): 961 - 968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. F. Ba, T. Shimizu, L. Szalay, K. I. Bland, and I. H. Chaudry Gender differences in small intestinal perfusion following trauma hemorrhage: the role of endothelin-1 Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, May 1, 2005; 288(5): G860 - G865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Korotkova, B. G. Gabrielsson, A. Holmang, B.-M. Larsson, L. A. Hanson, and B. Strandvik Gender-related long-term effects in adult rats by perinatal dietary ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2005; 288(3): R575 - R579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. K. Roberts, R. J. Barnard, R. K. Sindhu, M. Jurczak, A. Ehdaie, and N. D. Vaziri A high-fat, refined-carbohydrate diet induces endothelial dysfunction and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and depresses NOS protein expression J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2005; 98(1): 203 - 210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. F. Ba, Y. Yokoyama, B. Toth, L. W. Rue III, K. I. Bland, and I. H. Chaudry Gender differences in small intestinal endothelial function: inhibitory role of androgens Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, March 1, 2004; 286(3): G452 - G457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Ritz Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Urinary Albumin: Vive la Petite Difference J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., May 1, 2003; 14(5): 1415 - 1416. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Galipeau, S. Verma, and J. H. McNeill Female rats are protected against fructose-induced changes in metabolism and blood pressure Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2002; 283(6): H2478 - H2484. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Busserolles, A. Mazur, E. Gueux, E. Rock, and Y. Rayssiguier Metabolic Syndrome in the Rat: Females Are Protected Against the Pro-Oxidant Effect of a High Sucrose Diet Experimental Biology and Medicine, October 1, 2002; 227(9): 837 - 842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Galipeau, L. Yao, and J. H. McNeill Relationship among hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension is dependent on sex Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): H562 - H567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
