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J Appl Physiol 91: 1766-1774, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 91, Issue 4, 1766-1774, October 2001

Effects of hypoxia on alveolar fluid transport capacity in rat lungs

Tsutomu Sakuma1, Mieko Hida2, Yoshihiro Nambu2, Kazuhiro Osanai2, Hirohisa Toga2, Keiji Takahashi2, Nobuo Ohya2, Masao Inoue3, and Yoh Watanabe1

1 Thoracic Surgery, 2 Pulmonary Medicine, and 3 Basic Medical Science, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920 - 0293, Japan

There is little information regarding the effect of hypoxia on alveolar fluid clearance capacity. We measured alveolar fluid clearance, lung water volume, plasma catecholamine concentrations, and serum osmolality in rats exposed to 10% oxygen for up to 120 h and explored the mechanisms responsible for the increase in alveolar fluid clearance. The principal results were 1) alveolar fluid clearance did not change for 48 h and then increased between 72 and 120 h of exposure to hypoxia; 2) although nutritional impairment during hypoxia decreased basal alveolar fluid clearance, endogenous norepinephrine increased net alveolar fluid clearance; 3) the changes of lung water volume and serum osmolality were not associated with those of alveolar fluid clearance; 4) an administration of beta -adrenergic agonists further increased alveolar fluid clearance; and 5) alveolar fluid clearance returned to normal within 24 h of reoxygenation after hypoxia. In conclusion, alveolar epithelial fluid transport capacity increases in rats exposed to hypoxia. It is likely that a combination of endogenous norepinephrine and nutritional impairment regulates alveolar fluid clearance under hypoxic conditions.

catecholamine; fluid balance; alveolar epithelium; denopamine


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