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Departments of 1 Kinesiology and 3 Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5; and 2 Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
Creatine
monohydrate (CrM) supplementation during resistance exercise training
results in a greater increase in strength and fat-free mass than
placebo. Whether this is solely due to an increase in intracellular
water or whether there may be alterations in protein turnover is not
clear at this point. We examined the effects of CrM supplementation on
indexes of protein metabolism in young healthy men (n = 13) and women (n = 14). Subjects were randomly
allocated to CrM (20 g/day for 5 days followed by 5 g/day for 3-4
days) or placebo (glucose polymers) and tested before and after the
supplementation period under rigorous dietary and exercise controls.
Muscle phosphocreatine, creatine, and total creatine were measured
before and after supplementation. A primed-continuous intravenous
infusion of L-[1-13C]leucine and mass
spectrometry were used to measure mixed-muscle protein fractional
synthetic rate and indexes of whole body leucine metabolism
(nonoxidative leucine disposal), leucine oxidation, and plasma leucine
rate of appearance. CrM supplementation increased muscle total creatine
(+13.1%, P < 0.05) with a trend toward an increase in
phosphocreatine (+8.8%, P = 0.09). CrM supplementation did not increase muscle fractional synthetic rate but reduced leucine
oxidation (
19.6%) and plasma leucine rate of appearance (7.5%,
P < 0.05) in men, but not in women. CrM did not
increase total body mass or fat-free mass. We conclude that short-term CrM supplementation may have anticatabolic actions in some proteins (in
men), but CrM does not increase whole body or mixed-muscle protein synthesis.
nutrition supplements; high-energy phosphates; mass spectrometry; stable isotopes
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