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J Appl Physiol 91: 1035-1040, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 91, Issue 3, 1035-1040, September 2001

On the functional consequences of bronchial basement membrane thickening

Manlio Milanese, Emanuele Crimi, Antonio Scordamaglia, Annamaria Riccio, Riccardo Pellegrino, G. Walter Canonica, and Vito Brusasco

Dipartimenti di Scienze Motorie e Riabilitative e di Medicina Interna, Università di Genova, 16132 Genova; and Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy

Reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickness and airway responses to inhaled methacholine (MCh) were studied in perennial allergic asthma (n = 11), perennial allergic rhinitis (n = 8), seasonal allergic rhinitis (n = 5), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 9). RBM was significantly thicker in asthma (10.1 ± 3.7 µm) and perennial rhinitis (11.2 ± 4.2 µm) than in seasonal rhinitis (4.7 ± 0.7 µm) and COPD (5.2 ± 0.7 µm). The dose (geometric mean) of MCh causing a 20% decrease of 1-s forced expiratory volume (FEV1) was significantly higher in perennial rhinitis (1,073 µg) than in asthma (106 µg). In COPD, the slope of the linear regression of all values of forced vital capacity plotted against FEV1 during the challenge was higher, and the intercept less, than in other groups, suggesting enhanced airway closure. In asthma, RBM thickness was positively correlated (r = 0.77) with the dose (geometric mean) of MCh causing a 20% decrease of FEV1 and negatively correlated (r = -0.73) with the forced vital capacity vs. FEV1 slope. We conclude that 1) RBM thickening is not unique to bronchial asthma, and 2) when present, it may protect against airway narrowing and air trapping. These findings support the opinion that RBM thickening represents an additional load on airway smooth muscle.

airway responsiveness; remodeling; asthma; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; rhinitis


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