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J Appl Physiol 91: 859-865, 2001;
8750-7587/01 $5.00
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Vol. 91, Issue 2, 859-865, August 2001

Mechanical output impedance of the lung determined from cardiogenic oscillations

Eve Bijaoui1, Pierre F. Baconnier2, and Jason H. T. Bates3

1 Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 2P2; 2 TIMC IMAG Laboratory, UMR CNRS 5525, Grenoble, France; and 3 Vermont Lung Center, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05446

The beating heart naturally oscillates the lung because of the close juxtaposition between these organs producing cardiogenic oscillations in flow that can be measured at the mouth when the glottis is open. Correspondingly, if the mouth is occluded, the same phenomenon produces cardiogenic pressure oscillations that can be measured just distal to the site of occlusion. The Fourier-domain ratio of these oscillations in pressure and flow constitutes what we call cardiogenic respiratory impedance (Zc). We calculated Zc between about 1.5 and 10 Hz in relaxed normal subjects at functional residual capacity with open glottis. Zc was insensitive to heart rate changes induced by exercise and had an imaginary part close to zero at all frequencies investigated. Its real part was similar to or smaller than resistance determined by the forced oscillation technique. We speculate that Zc measures the flow resistance of the central and upper airways of the lung. Zc may be useful as a means of obtaining information about lung mechanics without the need for an external source of flow perturbations.

input impedance; airway resistance; reactance; heart sounds; forced oscillation technique


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M. Lichtwarck-Aschoff, B. Suki, A. Hedlund, U. H. Sjostrand, A. Markstrom, R. Kawati, G. Hedenstierna, and J. Guttmann
Decreasing size of cardiogenic oscillations reflects decreasing compliance of the respiratory system during long-term ventilation
J Appl Physiol, March 1, 2004; 96(3): 879 - 884.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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